Genital Warts

Genital warts are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), specifically types 6 and 11. These HPV types are spread through direct skin-to-skin contact, usually during vaginal, anal, or oral sex. It’s possible to have HPV without showing any symptoms.

The most common symptom of genital warts is the appearance of small, flesh-coloured or grey lumps or bumps in the genital, anal, or mouth area. They can be raised or flat and may be single or multiple. Sometimes they can cause itching or discomfort, but often, they don’t cause any pain or symptoms.

The most effective way to prevent genital warts is through vaccination with the HPV vaccine, which protects against the types of HPV that cause warts and certain cancers. Using condoms during sex can also lower the risk of transmission, but since HPV can infect areas not covered by a condom, it doesn’t provide 100% protection.

In some cases, genital warts may go away on their own without treatment, especially in individuals with a healthy immune system. However, the virus remains in the body, and the warts may return. Treatment is recommended to help remove the warts and manage symptoms.

Yes, genital warts are highly contagious. They are transmitted through direct contact with warts, mucosal areas, or infected skin during sexual activity. Even if there are no visible warts, the virus can still be transmitted.

If you have genital warts, avoid sexual contact until the warts are treated and cleared. Use condoms to help reduce the risk of transmission, but keep in mind that they don’t eliminate the risk entirely, as HPV can infect areas not covered by a condom. It's also important to communicate openly with your partner about the situation and consider vaccination.